The plates · Pictures

Woodcuts, drawings, the wartime bench.

These are historical documents, bound into the same catalog as the diagrams: old print of making, a machine drawing from the engineer’s book, and the Pratt & Whitney shop floor about the last war.

Plate IFig. 1 · Woodcut

Nineteenth-century line engraving of a pole-lathe with treadle, cord, and a turned spindle between centers.

The pole-lathe

Fig. 114. Treadle, cord, and spring-pole. The wood turns because the pole returns.

C. P. B. Shelley, Workshop Appliances, 1897. Public domain.

Plate IIFig. 2 · Woodcut

Sixteenth-century woodcut of carpenters hewing timber, boring, and working a two-man saw in an open yard.

Timber, axe, and saw

Der Zimmermann. The yard before the shop: axe, auger, frame-saw.

Jost Amman, Das Ständebuch, 1568. Deutsche Fotothek. Public domain.

Plate IIIFig. 3 · Woodcut

Sixteenth-century woodcut of a goldsmiths’ workshop, several men at benches with hammers, vessels, and hanging tools.

Goldsmiths at the bench

Der Goldschmied. Hammer, punch, and the small work that stays on the table.

Jost Amman, Das Ständebuch, 1568. Deutsche Fotothek. Public domain.

Plate IVFig. 4 · Drawing

1844 lithograph of a cabinet lathe: closed case, open bed, and the flywheel and treadle inside the cupboard.

A lathe in a cabinet

Plate 24. Closed as furniture; opened, a treadle, flywheel, and bed.

P. C. Hollis, on stone; P. S. Duval, Lith., Philadelphia, 1844. Library of Congress. Public domain.

Plate VFig. 5 · Drawing

Armengaud Plate 21: orthographic views and sections of constructed gears and pulleys, with a scale of one-tenth.

Gears, as drawn

Plate 21. Hub, spokes, rim, and the section that tells the tooth.

Armengaud & Amouroux, The Practical Draughtsman’s Book of Industrial Design, 1854. Public domain.

Plate VIFig. 6 · Drawing

Engineering plate of a metalworking lathe in side and end elevation, with overhead cone pulleys marked in revolutions per minute.

Engine lathe, two elevations

Bed, headstock, and the line-shaft speeds written on the drawing: 120 and 180.

Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th ed., 1911, “Tool.” Public domain.

Plate VIIFig. 7 · Photograph

Workers fitting rings onto rows of Pratt and Whitney airplane-engine pistons in a large eastern plant, 1942.

Rings on pistons

Pistons laid out by the hundred. The ring is tried by hand before it is left on the piston.

U.S. Office of War Information, June 1942. National Archives (NARA 195473). Public domain.

Plate VIIIFig. 8 · Photograph

Two men installing single-row intake pipes on a Pratt and Whitney radial airplane engine, East Hartford, June 1942.

Intake pipes, East Hartford

Single-row intake pipes going onto a new engine. The plant is Pratt & Whitney Aircraft.

Andreas Feininger, June 1942. FSA/OWI, Library of Congress. Public domain.

Plate IXFig. 9 · Photograph

A woman and a man installing a Pratt and Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp radial engine on a Douglas C-47 at the Long Beach factory, October 1942.

Twin Wasp on the C-47

R-1830 Twin Wasp, fourteen cylinders, being trained onto the nacelle.

Alfred T. Palmer, October 1942. FSA/OWI, Library of Congress. Public domain.